| 吴爱荣,吕军,解海霞,杨玉慧,高莹,王惠芳,沈沉,林佩佩,陈刚,苌凤水.上海社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者的心理健康状况及影响因素分析[J].上海护理,2021,21(9): |
| 上海社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者的心理健康状况及影响因素分析 |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 社区脊髓损伤患者 照顾者 心理健康 影响因素 上海 |
| 英文关键词:Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury in Communities Carers Psychological Health Relevant Factors Shanghai |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨上海市社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素。方法 采取便利抽样方法，选取2017年3月—2019年11月收治于上海市养志康复医院（上海市阳光康复中心）参加康复训练的126例社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者作为研究对象。调查照顾者的一般资料、焦虑自评量和抑郁自评量表（SAS/SDS）。分析方法包括描述性分析、卡方检验和多元logistic回归分析。结果 126例调查对象中，平均年龄（54.68±10.96）岁；照顾者焦虑标准分平均49.37±12.92分，抑郁标准分平均55.06±13.35分，46.03%的照顾者存在焦虑；57.94%的照顾者存在抑郁，40.48%焦虑合并抑郁。Logistic回归分析显示，照顾5年以内的照顾者发生抑郁的可能性是5年以上的3.61倍（95% CI=1.54～9.95），无业的照顾者发生焦虑的可能性显著大于有工作人群（OR=4.73，95% CI=1.11～20.21）。和5年前相比健康明显变差的照顾者更可能发生焦虑或抑郁（焦虑OR=4.69；抑郁OR=6.24）。结论 上海社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者心理健康问题较严重，照顾5年以内的新近照顾者容易产生抑郁，有工作有助于减轻焦虑水平。建议为社区脊髓损伤患者照顾者提供更多社会支持，其中重点关注健康较差的照顾者，提升其心理健康水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To analyse the anxiety/depression status and its relevant factors of carers of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Shanghai communities. Methods The carers of individuals with SCI from Shanghai who participated rehabilitation training in Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center) were investigated with the questionnaires, which included personal and care characteristics, and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale (SAS/SDS). Descriptive analysis, chi-square test and multivariate logistic analysis were applied. Results 126 carers of individuals with SCI were included, with mean (SD) age 54.68 (10.96) years. The sum SAS/SDS standardized scores were 49.37 (12.92) and 55.06 (13.35). 46.03%/57.94% of the participants showed possible anxiety/depression, and 40.48% suffered both anxiety and depression. Multivariate analysis showed that the possibility of depression among the carers who cared for less than 5 years was 3.61 times than that of those who cared for longer than 5 years (95% CI=1.54～9.95). The unemployed carers were significantly more likely to experience anxiety than the employed carers (OR=4.73, 95% CI=1.11～20.21). The carers showed significantly worse health compared to themselves five years before manifested higher possibilities of anxiety or depression (anxiety OR=4.69; depression OR=6.24). Conclusion The psychological health level of carers for individuals with SCI in Shanghai communities is low. The less than 5 years of caring for individuals with SCI is a high-incidence period of depression, and the employment status helps to reduce the level of anxiety. It is suggested to provide more social support for carers of individuals with SCI in the communities to improve their psychological health, especially for the carers with lower health level. |
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