| 张玉芬,汪晖,胡凯利,黄宛冰,王怡萱.主动脉夹层术后患者出院心理体验的质性研究[J].上海护理,2022,22(12): |
| 主动脉夹层术后患者出院心理体验的质性研究 |
| Psychological Experience of Discharge of Patients with Aortic Dissection After Surgery ：A Descriptive Phenomenological Study |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 主动脉夹层 术后 心理体验 描述现象学 质性研究 |
| 英文关键词:Aortic dissection Postoperative Psychological experience Descriptive phenomenology Qualitative research |
| 基金项目:2021年度华中科技大学同济医学院护理学院自主创新基金（2021-3-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 深入了解主动脉夹层术后患者出院时心理体验与感受，为医护人员制定针对性心理干预策略提供参考。方法 运用描述性现象学研究方法，通过目的性抽样选取2021年4-6月在武汉市某三级甲等综合医院的20例主动脉夹层手术治疗后即将出院的患者，进行面对面半结构式深度访谈，依据Colaizzi 7步分析法进行归纳分析并提炼主题。结果 共提炼出5个主题：正性心理体验的激发（乐观与坦然、眷恋与期待、信任与感谢）；负性心理体验的困扰（恐惧与害怕、焦虑与抑郁、愧疚与无奈、无力感与不确定）；人生重大转折的心理应对（珍惜生命、向下比较、转移重心）；居家自我管理意识的唤起（反思自省能力增强、自我照顾认知提升）；多维度社会支持的渴望（医护人员支持、家庭支持、同伴支持）。结论 主动脉夹层术后出院时心理体验具有正性体验与负性体验共存的特点，部分患者会出现创伤后成长，能够反思自省，有一定的自我照顾认知，但同时存在多方面的心理支持需求。因此，医护人员应同时关注患者正性与负性心理体验，采取规范、系统的心理干预，促进正性体验的产生与负性体验的转化，鼓励患者建立战胜疾病信心，协助患者在逆境中成长，提供针对性自我管理教育，建立良好的社会支持系统，增强患者心理健康水平。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract ：Objective To deeply understand the psychological experience and feelings of patients after aortic dissection after discharge, so as to provide reference for medical staff to formulate targeted psychological intervention strategies. Methods In this study, 20 patients who were about to be discharged after aortic dissection surgery in a grade-a general hospital in Wuhan city from April to June 2021 were selected by means of a purposeful sampling method based on descriptive thermography. Face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, and the subjects were summarized and analyzed according to Colaizzi 7-step analysis method. Results Five themes were extracted: the stimulation of positive psychological experience (optimism and calmness, attachment and expectation, trust and gratitude); Negative psychological experience (fear and fear, anxiety and depression, guilt and helplessness, powerlessness and uncertainty); Psychological response to the major turning point of life (cherish life, downward comparison, transfer of focus); The awareness of home self-management (enhanced ability of reflection and self-care); Desire to multi-dimensional social support (medical personnel support, family support, peer support). Discussion Aortic dissection at discharge postoperative psychological experience has the characteristics of positive experience and negative experience, some patients can appear posttraumatic growth, can reflect introspection, self-care cognition to a certain extent, but at the same time there are various psychological support requirements. Therefore, nurses should also focus on patients with positive and negative psychological experience, adopt standard, system of psychological intervention, promote the generation of positive experience and negative experience of the transformation, patients are encouraged to establish confidence in conquering disease, to assist patients in adversity to grow, to provide targeted self-management education, establish a good social support system, strengthen the patients’ psychological health level. |
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