| 屠蕾,曹莹莹.手术患者发生压疮的术中危险因素分析和护理对策[J].上海护理,2014,14(7): |
| 手术患者发生压疮的术中危险因素分析和护理对策 |
| Assessing risk factors of pressure ulcer in surgical patients(Shanghai Changning District Center Hospital, 200336 China) Tu Lei, Cao Ying-ying, Wang Qun |
| 投稿时间：2013-08-20 修订日期：2014-02-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 手术 压疮 危险因素 |
| 英文关键词:surgery pressure ulcer influencing factors |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：目的 探索手术患者发生压疮的术中危险因素和护理对策。方法 采用队列研究设计，自2012年1月到2013年12月，回顾性收集570例手术患者一般资料、麻醉方式、手术体位、术中体温、血压、失血量、手术时间、镇静药物使用和血管收缩药物使用的情况。比较不同暴露因素下压疮发生率的差异，并通过logistic回归分析，找到有意义的独立危险因素。结果570例手术患者中，术后受压部位出现压红者共77例，占13.5%；其中继发Ⅰ期及以上压疮者16例，占2.8%。术中低体温（p<0.01）、 低血压（p<0.01）、失血量多（p<0.01）、手术时间长（p<0.01）、和使用血管收缩药物（p<0.01）的手术患者压疮发生率较高。Logistic回归分析结果显示，低体温、手术时间长和使用血管收缩药物是手术患者发生压疮的独立危险因素。结论 应将术中低体温、手术时间长和使用血管收缩药物的手术患者，作为预防压疮发生的重点监控对象，并给予有效的护理干预，减少压疮的发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To examine the relationship between the characteristic of patient, surgery and pressure ulcer. Methods In a cohort study, 570 medical records and pressure ulcer reports were reviewed from January to August in 2012.The characteristics of the patient (age, sex, body mass index, history of diabetes, risk of death) and the surgery (staying in the operation room time in total, operation time, multiple surgeries, and the use of vasopressor medications) are analyze to identify the factors of pressure ulcer in surgical patients. Results A total of 4.04% of patients (n=23) had at least 1 pressure ulcer developed during the hospitalization. According to statistical analysis, sex (p<0.01), body mass index (p<0.01), history of diabetes (p<0.01), risk of death (p<0.01), staying in the operation room time in total (p<0.01), operation time (p<0.01), multiple surgeries (p<0.01), and the use of vasopressor medications (p<0.01) were significant different between having and not having pressure ulcer groups. Conclusion Surgical patients have their own specific factors of pressure ulcer. Managing these factors by suitable assessment and appropriate clinical interventions can help to prevent pressure ulcers in surgical patients. |
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