| 李诗雨,丁晓华,马云云,朱珍娥,张雪芬,钱鲜鲜,彭思利,王娜,张瑜.不同口腔护理方法预防新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎效果的网状Meta分析[J].上海护理,2026,26(2): |
| 不同口腔护理方法预防新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎效果的网状Meta分析 |
| Effect of different oral nursing methods on prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neonates: a network meta-analysis |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-21 修订日期：2026-01-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 新生儿 呼吸机相关性肺炎 口腔护理 网状Meta分析 |
| 英文关键词:Newborn Ventilator-associated pneumonia Oral care Mesh meta-analysis |
| 基金项目:甘肃省妇幼保健院（甘肃省中心医院）科研基金项目（GMCCH2024-4-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨不同口腔护理方法对新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎预防效果。方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学数据库中不同口腔护理方法对新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎预防效果的随机对照试验,检索时限均为建库至2025年2月。由2名研究员独立进行文献筛查、数据提取、质量评价,对符合纳排标准的文献采用Stata15.1软件进行数据分析。结果 共纳入24篇文献,涉及7种口腔护理方法,包括碳酸氢钠溶液擦拭、母乳擦拭、碳酸氢钠溶液联合母乳擦拭、生理盐水擦拭、碳酸氢钠溶液联合过氧化氢溶液擦拭、碳酸氢钠溶液擦拭联合生理盐水冲洗、无菌水擦拭。网状Meta分析显示,不同口腔护理方法预防新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎效果排序为：碳酸氢钠溶液擦拭联合生理盐水冲洗＞碳酸氢钠溶液联合过氧化氢溶液擦拭＞碳酸氢钠溶液联合母乳擦拭＞母乳擦拭＞无菌水擦拭＞碳酸氢钠溶液擦拭＞生理盐水擦拭。结论 当前有限证据显示,采用碳酸氢钠溶液擦拭联合生理盐水冲洗是预防新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的最佳口腔护理方法,其次是碳酸氢钠溶液联合过氧化氢溶液擦拭、碳酸氢钠溶液联合母乳擦拭、母乳擦拭、无菌水擦拭,碳酸氢钠溶液擦拭、生理盐水擦拭的效果排最后。受纳入文献数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚需开展更多高质量研究予以验证。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the preventive effect of different oral nursing methods on ventilator-associated pneumonia in neonates. Methods Randomized controlled trials on the prevention effect of different oral care methods on neonatal ventilators associated pneumonia were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and CBM databases. The search period was up to February 2025. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation, and Stata15.1 software was used for data analysis of literature that met the exclusion criteria. Results A total of 24 literatures were included, involving 7 kinds of oral care methods, including sodium bicarbonate solution wipe, breast milk wipe, sodium bicarbonate solution combined with breast milk wipe, normal saline wipe, sodium bicarbonate solution combined with hydrogen peroxide solution wipe, sodium bicarbonate solution wipe combined with normal saline rinse, sterile water wipe. Mesh meta-analysis showed that the effect of different oral care methods in preventing ventilator-related pneumonia of newborns was ranked as follows: sodium bicarbonate solution wiping combined with normal saline irrigation > sodium bicarbonate solution combined with hydrogen peroxide solution wiping > sodium bicarbonate solution combined with breast milk wiping > breast milk wiping > sterile water wiping > sodium bicarbonate solution wiping > normal saline wiping. Conclusion The current limited evidence shows that sodium bicarbonate solution wiping combined with normal saline irrigation is the best oral care method to prevent ventilator-related pneumonia in newborns, followed by sodium bicarbonate solution wiping combined with hydrogen peroxide solution, sodium bicarbonate solution wiping combined with breast milk wiping, breast milk wiping, sterile water wiping, sodium bicarbonate solution wiping and normal saline wiping have the last effect. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included literature, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies. |
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