姚菁,马蓉,卫妙蓉,张亦红,刘钰.NICU气管插管患者的口腔卫生与呼吸机相关肺炎和颅内压姚菁 卫妙蓉 张亦红 刘钰[J].上海护理,2014,14(8):
NICU气管插管患者的口腔卫生与呼吸机相关肺炎和颅内压姚菁 卫妙蓉 张亦红 刘钰
DOI:
中文关键词:  NICU,口腔卫生,口腔护理,呼吸机相关肺炎,颅内压。
英文关键词:NICU,Oral  hygiene,Oral  care, Ventilator-associated  pneumonia,Intracranial  pressure.
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
姚菁 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院 200127 yaojing_1997@aliyun.com 
马蓉* 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院 200127 marong3267@126.com 
卫妙蓉 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院  
张亦红 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院  
刘钰 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院  
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中文摘要:
      目的 研究NICU患者插管期间口腔卫生状况与发生呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)的关系,并评估口腔护理对ICP的影响。方法 对一年内NICU连续收治的149例气管插管患者行插管期间至拔管后48 h 的口腔细菌培养,运用口腔评估指南(OAG)对患者的口腔卫生状况做出评估,记录VAP发生情况以及口腔护理伴随的ICP变化。结果 OAG检查结果显示NICU患者气管插管期间口腔卫生状况显著恶化,但在拔管后48 h可恢复至接近基础水平。插管期间,口腔病原菌增加。入组患者VAP的发生率随插管时间持续而增加,至第10天时可达44.68% ,253次口腔护理前后ICP未见显著变化。结论 气管插管可导致NICU患者的口腔卫生状况变差,VAP发生率升高。口腔护理不会对ICP产生显著影响。
英文摘要:
      Objectives To describe changes in oral hygiene and to assess the influence of oral care on ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) and intracranial pressure (ICP) during intubation among patients in a neuroscience intensive care unit (NICU). Methods The data on oral cultures and the Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) throughout intubation and 48 hours after extubation of 149 consecutive intubated patients admitted to a NICU during 1 year were collected. Occurrence of VAP and the changes of ICP associated with oral care were recorded. Results Oral hygiene worsen significantly during intubation and recovered to almost baseline levels 48 hours after extubation. During intubation, occurrence of oral pathogenic bacteria increased. The incidence of VAP was increased with duration of intubation, and reached 44.68% at 10th day of intubation. During or after 253 instances of oral care, overall ICP did not change significantly. Conclusions Intubation may cause deteriorating of oral hygiene and increased occurrence of VAP among patients in NICU. Oral care procedure does not seem to affect intracranial pressure significantly.
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