张育红,童朝阳.PDCA质量管理对降低气管插管非计划性拔管的作用[J].上海护理,2017,17(2):
PDCA质量管理对降低气管插管非计划性拔管的作用
DOI:
中文关键词:  EICU气管插管  非计划性拔管  PDCA  
英文关键词:
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
张育红 上海市复旦大学附属中山医院 zhang.yuhong@zs-hospital.sh.cn 
童朝阳* 上海市复旦大学附属中山医院 Tong.zhaoyang@zs-hospital.sh.cn 
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中文摘要:
      【摘要】目的:气管插管非计划性拔管是急诊重症监护室(EICU)后果严重的质量问题之一,运用PDCA法,分析原因,改进质量,降低其发生率。方法:研究分为两个阶段,首先回顾性分析EICU发生非计划性拔管的主要原因,运用PDCA循环管理法制定质量改进计划,前瞻性研究改进计划实施前后非计划性拔管发生率的变化。结果:气管插管非计划性拔管患者的死亡率与计划性拔管的患者没有区别,年龄、镇静、意识状态是高危因素,非计划性拔管的机械通气时间、EICU住院时间显著延长(P<0.05),PDCA计划实施前后非计划性拔管率分别为8.26%和1.78%(P<0.05),显著降低了非计划拔管发生率。结论:通过PDCA质量持续改进计划,可以有效减低非计划拔管的发生率,降低住院时间,提高医护质量。
英文摘要:
      ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Unplanned extubation of tracheal tube is a serious quality problem in EICU, the causes were analyzed to decrease the incidence and improve quality by using PDCA. METHODT here are two steps in this study. First, the main causes of UEX in EICU were analyzed retrospectively, continuous quality improving plan was implemented, the change of UEX rate after PDCA plan was prospectively studied. RESULTS The morality in UEX group is not significantly different from that of planned extubation group, patient’s age, sedation and consciousness are risk factors. The ventilation time and length of hospital stay of UEX prolonged apparently (P<0.05). After the implement of PDCA, the UEX rate was decreased from 8.26% to 1.78% significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PDCA quality continuous improvement can effectively decrease UEX rate, length of hospital stay,improve care quality.
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